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There is no single Duval method. Which triangle or pentagon to use is decided by fluid, then equipment, then the question you are answering — a practical selection guide.
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Learn how to integrate IEC 60599, IEEE C57.104, and CIGRE TB 771 into a unified DGA interpretation workflow. Master the triage, quick check, and deep diagnosis methodology used by senior diagnosticians.
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A practical introduction to insulating liquid analysis for asset managers and engineers. Learn how DGA, water content, acidity, dielectric strength, DDF, and interfacial tension reveal your transformer's health.
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Five millilitres of headspace in a rigid, partly filled sample bottle strips 49 % of the hydrogen out of a transformer oil sample by Henry-Ostwald partitioning. Why correct sampling is a measurement, not a packaging detail — and where consulting judgment refines the standard's conservative numbers in the field.
Read the articleThe tools are calculation tools made available free of charge by TriboTech ApS as part of the professional communication of its engineering consultancy. The tools perform a calculation based on the values entered and the published methods identified. They do not constitute an examination of an asset, a diagnosis, or advice on any specific asset. The tools have no knowledge of the asset's design, history, loading or operating conditions, and a result cannot therefore serve on its own as the basis for a technical or operational decision. A result is an indication, not a diagnosis. Use of the tools does not create a client relationship and does not create an advisory relationship. TriboTech ApS provides advisory services only under a concluded framework agreement, and no advisory liability is assumed for the use of results from the tools outside such an agreement. Any decision taken on the basis of a result — including a decision not to act — is taken by the user on the user's own professional judgement and at the user's own risk. As CIGRE itself puts it: "Actual actions on the equipment are the sole responsibility of engineers in charge of the transformers" (CIGRE Technical Brochure 771, 2019, section C.8, printed page 54). Each tool states which published methods and which editions the calculation is based on. The standard itself is the authoritative source, and a standard may have been revised since the edition a tool uses.
Method implementation — The calculations behind the tools on this site are versioned. When a correction changes the result a tool gives for the same input, that tool's version changes with it. What changed, and when
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